Jurisdiction: Madison, WI (Dane County)
Item: Lithium-ion (rechargeable), lithium-polymer, and lithium primary (single-use) batteries
Official source: City of Madison — How Do I Dispose Of…?
Quick Answer — Can I Put Lithium Batteries in the Trash?
No. Lithium batteries of any chemistry — rechargeable (Li-ion, LiPo) or single-use (lithium primary) — are prohibited from regular trash and recycling in Madison. Even a battery that reads "dead" can short-circuit against metal in a collection truck or landfill, triggering a fire (thermal runaway). The City of Madison directs residents to use its household hazardous waste (HHW) drop-off route. Start at the official disposal lookup hub. The sections below help you decide which option fits your situation, and the verification checklist tells you exactly what to confirm before you go.
Quick Facts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Can I put lithium batteries in the trash? | No — prohibited. Fire hazard. |
| Can I put them in curbside recycling? | No — same fire risk. |
| Does the city pick up batteries at the curb? | Not confirmed — no evidence of curbside battery collection. Assume drop-off only. |
| Where does the city direct residents? | The official disposal lookup hub and the Streets Department. |
| Is there a fee? | Not confirmed — ask when you call. See the fees section below. |
| Do I need an appointment? | Not confirmed — check the hub or call Streets. |
| Does the HHW site accept damaged/swollen batteries? | Not confirmed — call ahead before transporting. |
| What about retail drop-off (Home Depot, Best Buy)? | Not a city route. Programs vary by store — verify independently. |
| Apartment dweller? | Same city rules apply; check with your property manager first. |
Why Lithium Batteries Cannot Go in Trash or Recycling
A lithium battery contains flammable electrolyte under pressure. If the internal separator is breached by crushing, puncturing, or overheating, the battery can enter thermal runaway — temperature skyrockets, gas vents, and the battery can ignite or explode. This can happen inside a garbage truck during compaction or buried in a landfill.
Wisconsin DNR regulations and Madison waste ordinances prohibit hazardous waste, including most lithium batteries, from landfill disposal. A battery that no longer powers a device usually retains 30–80% of its original charge — enough to generate a dangerous short-circuit spark. Even tiny button cells (CR2032) can start a fire when crushed in a compactor.
Bottom line: lithium batteries never go in the trash cart, recycling cart, or any curbside bin.
Decision Table — Which Route Fits Your Situation
| Your situation | Best route | Cost / fee | Appointment needed? | Accepts damaged/swollen? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Household, small qty, intact batteries | City HHW drop-off (retail as possible alternative) | Not confirmed — ask before going | Not confirmed — ask before going | Not confirmed — call ahead |
| Renter / apartment dweller | Same HHW routes; check landlord for building contract | Same — verify | Same — verify | Same — verify |
| Damaged / swollen / leaking battery | Contact Madison Streets or HHW by phone first | Unknown — ask on call | Unknown — ask on call | May have special protocol — call before moving |
| Large-format pack (e-bike, scooter >300 Wh) | Not confirmed by city; call Streets | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
| Business / contractor / bulk | Out of scope — contact Streets directly | Different rules likely apply | — | — |
Accepted Chemistries — What Kind of Lithium Battery Do You Have?
The city's website lists batteries as a disposal category but does not make clear which lithium chemistries the HHW site accepts. Check your battery label:
| Marking | Chemistry | Type | Common devices |
|---|---|---|---|
| Li-ion or ICR | Lithium-ion | Rechargeable | Phone, laptop, power tool, vape |
| LiPo or Li-poly | Lithium-polymer | Rechargeable | Drones, RC vehicles, slim devices |
| IMR | Lithium-manganese | Rechargeable | High-drain flashlights, e-cigs |
| LiFePO4 / LFP | Lithium iron phosphate | Rechargeable | Solar storage, e-bikes, tools |
| CR123, CR2, CR2032 | Lithium primary | Single-use | Cameras, key fobs, medical devices |
| Li/SO2, Li/SOCl2 | Lithium sulfur dioxide | Single-use | Industrial, emergency beacons |
Rechargeable types (Li-ion, LiPo, etc.): most city HHW programs accept these, but confirm chemistry acceptance when you call Madison Streets.
Single-use (CR-series, lithium primary): some HHW programs and most retail take-bins do NOT accept primary lithium. Confirm specifically that the Madison site takes yours.
No markings? Do not guess. Take a photo or bring the battery to the drop-off and let staff identify it.
Madison Battery Disposal Routes Compared
1. City of Madison HHW Drop-Off
The official How Do I Dispose Of…? page is your starting point. It lists Streets Department contacts and links to drop-off information.
What is confirmed: the hub directs residents with items not found in the lookup to contact Streets. HHW drop-off is the primary city-approved route — no curbside or mail-in option has been identified.
What is NOT confirmed (verify before going): - Exact site address and hours — the hub may list these; confirm before visiting. - Whether an appointment or reservation is required. - Whether both rechargeable and single-use lithium are accepted. - Whether damaged/swollen batteries are accepted — critical safety unknown. - Any fees or charges. - Quantity limits per visit. - Whether proof of Madison residency is required.
What to ask when you call Streets:
"I have [lithium-ion / lithium primary / damaged] batteries. Do you accept them? Is there a fee? Do I need an appointment? What are your hours and address? Any quantity limits? Do I need to show proof of residency?"
2. Retail Take-Back (Home Depot, Best Buy, Batteries+, Lowe's, Staples)
Nationally, many retailers accept rechargeable batteries through the Call2Recycle program, but the city's official website does not list any specific retail program for Madison.
- These are not city-endorsed routes. Programs change frequently.
- Most retail bins accept rechargeable only (Li-ion, NiMH). Single-use lithium primary is typically not accepted.
- Most retail bins DO NOT accept damaged or swollen batteries. Placing a damaged battery in a retail bin is unsafe and may violate store policy.
- Call the specific store first and ask: do you accept lithium batteries? Which chemistries? Quantity limits? Fee or purchase requirement?
3. Dane County Clean Sweep / HHW Program
Dane County operates a Clean Sweep program that may accept batteries from county residents. The city's website does not clarify whether this is the same facility as the Madison HHW program or a separate route.
- Inside Madison city limits: start with the city hub first.
- Outside Madison (unincorporated Dane County, villages without Madison service): check the County Clean Sweep program for eligibility and accepted items.
- Do not assume Madison and Dane County programs are interchangeable — verify.
4. Curbside Trash or Recycling — NOT an Option
Do not put lithium batteries in your trash cart, recycling cart, or any curbside bin. The fire risk in collection trucks and at recycling facilities is well-documented, and disposal is prohibited by state rule.
How to Prepare Lithium Batteries for Transport
Step 1: Tape the Terminals
Use electrical tape or clear packing tape. Do not use aluminum tape, metal duct tape, or any conductive material.
- Cylindrical cells (AA/18650/CR123): tape across the positive terminal. If both ends are metal, tape both.
- Button cells (CR2032): tape across the entire top and bottom face.
- Battery packs (laptop/tool): tape the connector prongs or exposed contacts.
- Pouch cells (LiPo): tape over exposed foil tabs on both sides.
Step 2: Bag Individually
Place each taped battery in its own clear ziplock bag. This prevents contact even if tape shifts during transport.
Step 3: Pack in a Rigid, Non-Conductive Container
Carry bagged batteries in a cardboard box or plastic tub. Do not use metal containers. Do not toss loose bagged batteries in a pocket or purse with keys or coins.
What NOT to Do
- No unbagged batteries stacked together.
- No loose batteries in a shopping bag or backpack.
- No crushing, puncturing, or attempting to discharge before disposal.
- No metal containers or foil-lined bags.
Damaged, Swollen, or Leaking Batteries
Signs of a dangerous battery: swelling/bulging, cracks or punctures, leaking fluid, heat without charging, chemical odour, smoke or hissing.
What to do:
- Do NOT charge, use, puncture, or manually discharge it.
- Do NOT put it in trash, recycling, or retail bins.
- Place it in a non-flammable container — a metal bucket with sand or vermiculite. Avoid plastic or paper containers.
- If actively smoking, venting, or hot: call 911 immediately. Evacuate the area.
- For damaged but not actively dangerous: call Madison Streets or the HHW contact before transporting. The facility may have a special handling protocol. Do not drop off a damaged battery without prior phone clearance.
- If the battery looks slightly puffy or is past its expected lifespan, treat it as damaged and call ahead. It is always safer to ask.
What Fees Apply?
The city's online information does not list any fees for the HHW drop-off site. This is one of the most common reader questions, and official sources do not provide a clear answer.
What to ask when you call: 1. Is there a fee for household lithium batteries? Per battery, per pound, or per visit? 2. Is it free for Madison residents? 3. Is there a different fee for single-use vs. rechargeable? 4. Is there a fee for large-format packs (e-bike, scooter)? 5. What payment methods are accepted?
Retail take-back programs are often free for rechargeable batteries, but some stores require a minimum purchase or membership. Call the store.
Official Verification Checklist
Complete this before your trip to avoid being turned away.
- [ ] 1. Identify battery chemistry — check for Li-ion, LiPo, CR123, etc. on the label.
- [ ] 2. Inspect for damage — swelling, leaks, cracks, heat. If damaged, see the section above and call first.
- [ ] 3. Tape terminals — electrical or clear packing tape. Bag each battery individually.
- [ ] 4. Check the official hub — cityofmadison.com/streets/trash-recycling/how-do-i-dispose-of for current hours and location.
- [ ] 5. Confirm chemistry acceptance — ask if your specific type is accepted.
- [ ] 6. Confirm fee or free status.
- [ ] 7. Confirm if appointment is needed.
- [ ] 8. Confirm damaged-battery handling (if applicable).
- [ ] 9. Ask about quantity limits.
- [ ] 10. Ask about residency proof — driver's license, utility bill?
- [ ] 11. Secure batteries for transport — rigid box or tub, no metal containers.
- [ ] 12. Go during confirmed hours — check the same day or day before.
If the hub does not answer your question, contact the Streets Department through the contact route listed on the official page.
Apartment & Renter Guide
Living in an apartment does not change the basic rule — lithium batteries go through HHW, not the dumpster or trash chute.
Check with your property manager first. Some complexes have waste hauling contracts that include battery collection. Ask: "Does the building provide battery disposal, or do I need the city HHW drop-off? What preparation is needed?"
If you use the city HHW drop-off: same prep and uncertainty rules apply. Additional challenges:
- No car? Madison Metro Transit does not have a dedicated HHW shuttle. You may need a ride, ride-share, or bike cargo. Bagged/boxed batteries with taped terminals are safe on a bus, but check transit rules if you are unsure.
- E-bike/scooter batteries are heavy (5–20 lbs) — a car-based trip is much easier.
- Multi-unit quantity: if you have accumulated batteries from several devices, ask the HHW site about per-visit limits.
Large-Format Batteries — E-Bike, Scooter, Power Tools
Large packs (over 300 Wh) differ from small cylindrical cells. They contain complex battery management systems and dozens of individual cells.
The city's website does not confirm whether the HHW site accepts large-format packs. Rules for a laptop battery (under 100 Wh) may not apply to a 500+ Wh e-bike battery.
Call Streets and ask: Do you accept large-format packs over 300 Wh? What preparation is required? Separate fee? If not, can you refer me to a specialty recycler?
Do not disassemble a large pack — that is extremely dangerous.
Business, Contractor & Bulk Quantities
This guide covers household quantities only. Businesses, contractors, property managers with bulk batteries, schools, or nonprofits: contact Madison Streets directly through the official hub. Household HHW rules likely do not apply to commercial waste.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Can I put a single CR2032 button cell in the trash?
A: No. Even tiny button cells can start fires when crushed and contain hazardous materials. Tape the terminals and take them to the HHW drop-off.
Q: My apartment has a dumpster. Can I hide a battery in the trash?
A: No. That is how truck and landfill fires start. It is also prohibited by state waste regulations. Use the HHW drop-off.
Q: Does the Madison Best Buy take lithium batteries?
A: Best Buy has a national recycling program, but individual store participation varies. Call the specific Madison location — do not assume the national policy applies locally.
Q: Can I recycle lithium batteries through curbside recycling?
A: No. Lithium batteries have caused major fires at recycling plants. Never put them in a recycling cart.
Q: How do I tell if a battery is lithium?
A: Check the label for "Lithium," "Li-ion," "LiPo," or "CR" markings. If it says NiMH, NiCd, or Lead-Acid, it is not lithium — but it still needs special disposal. If you are unsure, bring it to the HHW site and let staff identify it.
Q: What if I leave a battery in an old device I am throwing away?
A: Remove the battery first. Many devices (phones, laptops, tools, toys) contain lithium batteries that must be removed and disposed of separately.
Q: Does this apply in Fitchburg, Middleton, or Sun Prairie?
A: No. Each municipality has its own rules. This guide covers Madison city limits only. Check with your local waste department or the Dane County Clean Sweep program.
Q: I am moving and have accumulated over a dozen old batteries. Is there a limit?
A: The city has not published quantity limits for HHW drop-off. When you call Streets, ask: "Is there a per-visit limit on how many batteries I can drop off?" If you have more than 20–30 batteries, mention the quantity when you call so they can prepare.
Q: Can I tape batteries with duct tape instead of electrical tape?
A: Standard grey duct tape is not recommended — it may peel off in transport. Use electrical tape (best grip) or clear packing tape. Do not use metal foil tape, aluminium tape, or any conductive material.
Jurisdiction & Town-Limits Warning
This guide covers Madison, Wisconsin, city limits only. Residents of Fitchburg, Middleton, Sun Prairie, Verona, Monona, Shorewood Hills, Maple Bluff, unincorporated Dane County townships, or any area without Madison garbage service should check with their own municipality. Do not assume Madison HHW routes are available to non-Madison residents.
Official Sources
- City of Madison — How Do I Dispose Of…? — the official disposal lookup hub. Start here for current hours, location, and Streets Department contact information.
- Madison Streets Department — contact route available through the official hub above. Use for items not found in the lookup or specific acceptance questions.
Disposal rules, fees, and programs change. The City of Madison official website is the final authority on waste disposal within city limits. Verify all details — especially fees, hours, chemistry acceptance, and damaged-battery handling — before visiting a drop-off site.